Engine indicating apparatus.



P. PURDY.

ENGNE INDGATING APPARATUS.

APPLIUAHON NLRB xmms. m09

949,129. Patented Feb. 15,1910.

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F. PURBY.

.ENGINE minimum@ APMRMUS Patented Fab. 15, 1910.

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F. PURDY.

ENGINE lNDUTING APPARATUS,

APPLICATION YILBD 11111.19, m19.

949,129. Patented Feb. 15, 1910.

3 SHEETSSHBET 8.

FREIlERICK PURDY, 0F

.(o all whom 'it may concern:

Beit knou'n that l, liiucnizimfii liiiuii, a citizen of the United States, residing" at Kenosha, iii the county of Kenosha and State of 'Wiseonsi'in have invented certain new and useful Iniprovenients in En fine ln- (heating,r Apparatus, of which the fo lowing is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in engine indicating' apparatue, and has for its prinia-i 1 object to provide a gral'ihical indication by acurve, related to a single centri', of the pressure conditions within an engine. cylinder throughout one or niorc cycles ot' its operation, or portionsthereot and to provide ineens for producing suoli indication.

' Ileretofore it has been thc practice to indicate engine pressure by a curve related to rectilinear coordinates, but such system has disadvantages, particularly where sought to be applied to high speed enines or engines havin i' shoi :onncctin i ro s oi to ene'inc with otl'set cylinders, conditions all ot' frc quent occurrence iii gas engine practice. Furthci', in rectilinca r indication, the card nioveinent coincides with the pistou movements and. very Asmall card movenieiit attends the passage of the crank through the 20o org()O includingr the dead center points at the ends of the piston stroke, yet in a gas 'engine these are the critical portions of the stroke and require inost careful observation in securing high efficiency. This last inentioned iiiethod of indication l iiiay refer to as rectilinear indication, and as distiiv guished therefrom l niay refer to the indica tion effected by the means hereinafter def,1

tation of the rotatable element, so 'that the cyclic periods are indicated circnlai'ly and pressure conditions are indicated radially upon th'i'eceptive surface. J

M yinvention further consists in a our@ Specification nf Letters Patent. l

Application filed January 19; 19091- 'Serial No. 473.14%.

UNITED eTArneiinTENT orifice.

KENQSHA, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNQR OF ONE-HALF T0 FOREE BAIN, OF LA GRANGE. ILLINOIS.

ENGINE INDICATING APPARATUS. i

rateiiteuiifeb. i5. 1910.

bearing a trace indicating by rotative progression' about a `single center the cyclic progression of au engine part,and by radial displacement from said center the pressure coiiditiriiif-a` resulting in or from each prooo gression of the engine part.

Other ob'ects of niy invention will become p apparent roni thc followingi description,

l takeniii'conjunction 'izith the accompanying drawings, illusti'ating a Single convenier'itl 65' einbodini'entof the invention,y and wherein;

Figure 1 is a ,plan i'ieii of an indicator 'connected a coininon head with a fourp cylinder eiigineg' liligf Q is a aide elevation thereof; liigu is an enlarged central vertical aectioiiylio'. al' is an enlarged detail of the reflecting applicator and its inountingg` lligj-'i is an enti' view from the left of Fig. 1: Fig. (las a front view of the applicator `shouii iii Fig. r-L, in its position in the appa- 7 ratusidfig. 7y is a sectional detail on lin'e `T--T ot' Fig. 3; "and, Fig. 8 is a sectional de `tail on line ttlof Figli. Fig. t) is a 'card or record.

lu ilie drawings l0 indicates a four cylin- 8,0"k

der gasengiiie, whereof 11;{11 are the vtrainee'toi-,the cylinders, euch construction` being typical of any prcseure-utilizing or prodi'ieine' engine broadly, and 1:2 indicates f e l ,the crank Ieliaft of the engine, ftypifying any `engine part operatingA in consonance with the cyclic operations of the engine. Pressure coininuiucating connections are iuade roin the cylinder or cylinders ot the f i engiiieto suitable pressure responsive nicaiis` tio` ivhicli inaybe coiiiinon to all ot the c liuders or inditii ual devices each ifiasociatei` witlia separate cylinder, `it being my preference iiiy` testing4 i,niiltiple cylinder gas engine-e to ein` ploy a eoinnionr pressure responsive device and associated mechanism for all the cylinders in forder that there niay be nov comparative errors in `thc'readings taken with respect t`o` Athe several cylinders, `duo i responsive rloo parts. ,'lothis end/l employ, as typical of f any suitable y pressure. responsive nieans ii", single diaphragm. having pluralleads, each valved for individual control, tot the Several to peculiarities `of individual Ycylindersofthe` engine. In the particular 1,05y

lconstruction shown '13*13 \indic`ate tubes,

connecting with the several engine cylinders, rpioinniunicating through sultable needle valves 14, with a coiiiinoirrotatnble union 15,

secured toa headt, and communicating Wittig i(i cator is rotated in consonance with the cyclic cucine, and one of said clemente beingiinoioperation of the engine7 its axis of rotation able to varyithe radial distance of the trace including the center of indication and consequently the beam of light thrown upon the i receiving surface describes a curve about a pole or center of indication on thc axis of rotation of the applicator, indicating by its circular progression the cyclic progression of the engine opcrationa, and by its radial disio tance from the axis showing the variations of pressure within the engine cylinder. 'lthc resultant card or record made upon a sensitized plate or film, from a four-cycle gas en` ine geared to rotate the applicator with i each crank rotation Will be somewhat 1n the form shown in Fig@ (l, the true circ e, arbitrarily inscribed upon the sensitized sur tace, representing the atmospheric line. The trace, oi' indication, it will' be apparent,

zo is a continuous curve related to a single center, or axis of indication, asa rcsultant'of angular or rotary progression olr a point about said center in harmony with cyclic progression of an engine party, and radial 21 displacemei'it of the point in harmony wit-li pressure variations resulting in or t'rpm such 'cyclic progression ot' the engine part, the radial displacement being preferably vt'roni a circle indicativo of a basic pressure, suoli as U atn'iospberic pressure. .For comparative tests, a card oit a standard cylinder may be inadc and preliminarily impressed upon the sensitized surface or printed upon the pliotograltihic printingl paper, so that the diagram of a cylinder under test may be iiiiechanically supcrposed thereon, or for absolute iircssnic determinations the appuraius may bc tested to determine dctlection duc to predetermined differences in pressure, 't0 and such lines preliminarily plotted and pressure arcas subsequently ligured from the iracfd ict-ord. Ut' course tor ordinary practire the iccord made upon a plane surface is siiiiciently accurate for acceptance, but i'or tlieorctically accurate work allowance may be made in the use of a plane receptive surface for the errors due to the var ing radial distance of .said plane from the ocal points of the applicator, or a parti-spherical receiving surface having its center in suoli l'ocal point of the reflector should be cniployef.

While l have herein shown and described the particular apparatus which I have used in practice and have found successful, it will be understood that I do not intend to limit my invention in its broader aspect to the particular construction shown and described, as l believe to be new and broadly claim the provision in an engine indicator of a receptive surface and an applicator controlling the ap ilication of a tracing mediuni to such surface, one of said elem ts being rotatable relative to the other in ,onsonance with a cycle of operations of the l i l i or indicating` riui'c from a single center ln correspondence with the varying rssile conditions within the engine; an `l also broadly claim thc indicator card bearing" a" trace as produced by such circular indicatipu Furthermore it will be understoiid. tliat I do not linut the operation of myr u ll l l l i i l l l vcntion to any particular kind of engine,

l u' erein the pressure is variable a ryrlc ot' operations.

Having thus described my invention, what l claim is;

throughout l. ln an engine indicator, the combination of arcceptive surface and an applicator for directing a tracing medium uponsiid surface, one mounted for rotation relative to the other to produce a circular indication by the tracing medium, and one mountftedA 4for movement. to produce radial displace;

ment of the indicating trace, and pressiiie responsive means for effecting such lmovements of the appropriate clement to prod y"e the radial displacement'. f

Q. The combination with an engine,"of can indicator conn-)rising a receptive surface and an applicator for directing a tracing nie diiini upon said receptive surface, onero'- tatablc relative to the othernboiit the center of indication, the rotative part havingcorL nection with the engine for rotation iii-"coni sonance with the cycles of operation of the engine, and said applicator being movable to radially deflect the tracing mediuniiipon the receptive surface to vary its distance from tinl center of indication, andmeiu'ieV responsive to pressure within the engine` for so moving tbc applicator. l ji L The combination with an engine,'of fin indicator comprising a relatively statioiia'lyl receptive surface, and a relatively movable applicator arranged 'to direct` i1 tracing 'Il-ne;-A dium with respect to said receptive Surface; means for im Lting rotary movement: nbodt thc axis of in( ication to saidappli'catorin consonance with a cycle of operations of lthe engine, and means for imparting antl'ier movement to said applicator' in accordance with varying pressure conditions Within the engine to clfecty radial displacement of the trace.

4. The combination with an engine, of an indicator comprising a relatively stationary receptive surface, an applicator for directing :i tracing medium, mounted for rotation to direct the tracing medium circularly upon the receptive surface, and for other movement to deflect the tracing medium radially upon said receptive surface, operative connections between the engine and applicator whereby the rotative movement of the appliciitor conforms with the cyclic operations of the engine, and means responsive to prestilt contemplate its use with any cn'giife` ing said carrier in consonance with the cysure conditions within the engine for effecting the deflecting movements of the applicator.

5. In an engine indicator, a carrier rotatable about the axis of indication, an applicator pivoted upon said carrier, and adapted to direct a tracing medium at varying angles to the axis of indication, means for rotatcles of operation of the engine, and means for pivotally moving said a plicator upon thc carrier in accordance Wit 1 varying pres` sure conditions within the en ine.

6. In an engine indicator, t e combination of a relatively stationary rece tive surface, a reflecting applicator mounte for rotation about its focal axis on the axis of indication, means for rotating the applicator, means for delivering a ray of light. to the applicator, and pressure responsive means for moving said ap ilicator to vary the radial deflection of the light from the axis of indication.

i'. In an engine indicator, the combination of a rotatable carrier, a reflector pivotally mounted upon said carrier, with lts focal center in the axis of rotation of the carrier, and arranged for pivotal movement toward and from right-angle position with respect l to the axis of rotation, and a pressure responsive means having connection with said reflector to vary its angular position upon the carrier.

8. In an engine indicator', the combination nf a receptive surfaw and an applicator for directing a tracin medium upon said surface, one mountet for rotation relative to the other to produce a circular indication by the tracing medium, and one mounted for movement to produce radial displacement of the indicating trace, and pressure responsive means for effecting such movement ot' the l up ropriate'element to prod uce said radial t de 4ection, arranged, when under atniospherie pressure, to position said ap ropriate i element for tracing a circle upon t e receptive surface, circuinscribing as its center `the i center of rotation-of the rotative element. i 9. The combination with an engine of an l indicator comprising a receptive surface and an applicator for directing a tracin medium upon said surface, one mounted or rotation relative to the other about the axis of indication to produce a circular indication by the tracing medium, and said applicator being mounted for movement to provide radial displacement of the indicating trace upon said receptive surface, an operative connection between an engine part and the rotative clement whereby the rotative movements of said element conform with the cyclic operations of the engine, and means responsive to )ressure conditions Within the engine for et ectimcr movements of the applicator lo produce. radial displacement of thctrace.

l0. An engine indicating card bearing a visible trace in the form of a continumg curve related to a single center of indication, said curve being a resultant of angular displacement ot' a point about said center in harmonyY with cyclic progression of an engine part and radial displacement of said point with respect to said center in harmony with those pressure variations in the en ine resulting in or from such progression o the engine part.

11. An engine indicating card bearing a visible trace in the form of a continumg curve related to a single center of indication, maid curve being a resultant of angular dis- Jlacelnent oi a point about said center in iiarmony with cyclic progression of an engine part and radial dis lacement of said point from a normal ra rial distanceV from said center indicative of a basic pressure within thc engine, said radial displacement being constantly in harmony with the variav tions of pressure tvithin the engine, above or belouv a basic pressure, resulting in or from such progression of the engine part.

ln testimony whereof 1 hereunto set my hand in the presence of two Witnesses.

FREDERICK PURDY. ln thc presence oli Foanlfi BAIN, MARY l?. Arnim. 

